HTML is the Standard Markup Language for creating web pages and web applications.
What is HTML?
- HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language. You need to Know what is Hyper Text and Markup Language.
- HTML describes the structure of web pages.
- HTML consists of a series of elements.
- HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content
- HTML elements label pieces of content such as "Headings", "paragraph", "links", "images", "tables", etc.,
What is Hypertext?
Hypertext is text that provides a link to other text or information. Whenever you click on a link it will target to another web page on the same page.
What is Markup Language?
A Markup Language is a computer language that is used to apply tags to define elements within a document. Markup Language makes text more interactive and dynamic. It can turn text into images, tables, links, etc.,
Basic Example of HTML Document
<html lang="en-us">
<head>
<title>Page title goes here..</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My First Paragraph</p>
</body>
</html>
HTML Example Explanation:
- The
<!DOCTYPE html>declaration defines that this document is an HTML5 document. - The
<html>tag is the root element of an HTML page. Text between html tag describes the web document. - The
<head>element contains meta information about the HTML page. It must be closed before the body tag opens. - The
<title>element specifies a title of the HTML page which appears at the top of the browser window. It must be placed in the head tag and should close immediately. - The
<body>element defines the document's body and it is a container for all visible content, such as <h1>, <p>, <img>, <table>, etc. - The
<h1>element defines the heading. - The
<p>element defines the paragraph.
What is an HTML Element?
HTML element is defined by a start tag and end tag in between some content has been written.
HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:
<p>My First Paragraph</p>
Note: Some HTML elements have no content (like the <br>, <hr> element). These elements are called empty elements. Empty elements do not have an end tag.
HTML Document Structure
A HTML document will have the following structure:-
header Document related tags written here..
</head>
body Document related tags written here..
</body>
HTML Versions
| Years | Versions |
|---|---|
| 1989 | Tim Berners-Lee invented www |
| 1991 | Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML |
| 1993 | Dave Raggett drafted HTML+ |
| 1995 | HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0 |
| 1997 | W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2 |
| 1999 | W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01 |
| 2000 | W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0 |
| 2008 | WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft |
| 2012 | WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard |
| 2014 | W3C Recommendation: HTML5 |
| 2016 | W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1 |
| 2017 | W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition |
| 2017 | W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2 |